The fulfillment of the sustainable development objective (SDO) number six "Clean Water and Sanitation" is a global challenge in both developed and developing countries. Water pollution impairs economic growth and the physical and environmental health of billions of people. According to the world health organization (WHO), two million tons of wastewater are discharged into the environment annually without prior treatment. Therefore, the integrated management of water resources is a requirement for environmental preservation and economic development, the removal of nutrients being one of the main drawbacks. Unfortunately, global nitrogen discharge has increased due to intensification of agriculture, high levels of atmospheric deposition, and ...