Association between Vitamin D level and metabolic disturbances in north Indian PCOS women

Introduction: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is most common endocrinopathy in reproductive age women. Vitamin D deficiency is shown in 85% of patients with PCOS from developed contries.  Aim of the present study was to compare vitamin D status in women with PCOS versus fertile women and subsequently evaluate the association between vitamin D status and metabolic disturbances in PCOS. Material and methods: In this case control study 80 participants (40 case and 40 control) enrolled aged between 18-40 years affected by PCOS as defined by Rotterdam Criteria 2003. The patients were divided in to three groups as per vitamin D deficiency - deficient, insufficient and sufficient. The BMI (body mass index) was measured by dividing the weight in kilogram by the square of body height. In this study serum vitamin D level 8-20ng/ml was classified insufficiency and vitamin D level <8ng/ml was classified as deficient. Result: In this study, almost 76.3% of the cases were sufficient and 22.5% of the cases were insufficient. Around 1.3 % cases with vitamin D deficiency were noted. The average vitamin D 27.43ng/ml with standard deviation 9.894 and the minimum and maximum vitamin D was 7 and 49 ng/ml respectively. Comparison of vitamin D deficiency between case and control, after comparison t- test shows significant difference (p value <0.05). The insufficient case are significantly higher in case (42.5%) compared to control (2.5 %). It is also noted that the sufficient case are significantly lower in case (55.0%) compared to control (97.5%). Conclusion: Vitamin D level was found to be lower in PCOS women than normal women and also finds association between vitamin D and metabolic disturbances in PCOS cases. High BP and blood sugar was associated with low vitamin D level, however no association was found with BMI and dyslepidaemia. Key words: Polycystic ovary syndrome, vitamin D, metabolic disturbance, dyslepidaemia, BMI