Design and Assessment of Lead–sCO

Lead–sCO2 intermediate heat exchanger (IHX) was designed for lead-cooled fast reactor (LFR). The reactor coolant is lead and flowing through a circular straight channel, meanwhile, sCO2 is heated through 5 channels with different geometries were investigated respectively, including straight channel, zigzag 52° channel, S-shaped fins, offset rectangular fins, and airfoil fins. Considering the thermal-hydraulics characteristics, mechanical structure, corrosion, and flow blockage in the IHX designs, the performance, total cost, and power density of several heat exchanger designs were evaluated and compared. Finally, a printed circuit heat exchanger (PCHE) design using the circular straight (lead) - offset rectangular fins (sCO2) channels was proposed. The straight and S-shaped channels for sCO2 flow were recommended as alternative designs under certain circumstances. However, S-shaped fins and zigzag channels will dramatically increase the cost while straight and airfoil channels will greatly increase the volume