Surface modification and characterization of microfabricated poly(carbonate) devices: Manipulation of electroosmotic flow

Poly(carbonate), PC, surfaces are chemically modified by treatment with sulfur trioxide gas. Sulfur trixide gas sulfonates the aromatic rings of the poly(carbonate) surfaces, making the surfaces more hydrophilic. Sulfonation of the poly(carbonate) surface is confirmed by infrared spectroscopy. The modified polymer surfaces are found to be smoother in comparison to their unmodified counterparts, as noted by scanning force microscopy. The effects of the surface modification on electroosmotic flow are studied at a pH range of 4-10. The electroosmotic flow is sulfonated poly(carbonate) microchannels was found to be significantly higher than that in modified poly(carbonate) microchannels at pH values below 8