Advanced Technologies in Water Treatment

Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are chemical treatment techniques used in water and wastewater treatment. To enhance the water treatment efficiency, ultraviolet (UV), visible (Vis) or solar light irradiation, and ultrasound technology (US) are frequently used. UV and Vis irradiation include bands from 100 to 400 nm and from 400 to 800 nm, respectively. Solar light at the earth surface has a wavelength between 300 nm and 1 mm, including UV, Vis, and Infrared (IR) light regions. US is a high-frequency sound, which can decompose many organic pollutants. To accelerate the AOPs, catalysts are widely used. These compounds increase the rate of the reaction without being used up