The Birth of Modern Audience and Childhood

"In late years, in the field of “new social history” , history of childhood attracts attention. It is a book of Philippe Aries （L'enfant et la vie familiale sous l'Ancien Régime 1960）to have detonated the history study of this field by contact greatly. Many studies are done about childhood understanding by not only the pedagogies but also West history of art, history of family, a child history of literature, cultural anthropology, sociology, economics, population dynamics studies, history of pediatrics, life cultural history, and it is inspected today. However, as for the Analyzing of music and nursery rhyme of a child, we cannot see the thing which studied relations of an adult and the child who are watched in music culture and music environment although there is it in the field of music.Therefore the aim of this paper is to pay attention to a look to the child by adult who is seen while an ideal method and music environment of the audience are transforming it by appearance / establishment of “the audience of modern times” in the 19th century by the approval of public concert in the Europe this time in the 17t h century.