Calorie restriction

Calorie restriction is the most effective intervention with prolongevity effects in many of the organisms. Calorie restriction can be considered as the reduction of the intake of energy without reaching malnutrition. The effect of calorie restriction is not only reserved to an extended longevity but also delays the onset and reduces the progression of age-related diseases. Caloric restriction-dependent activation of metabolic sensors such as AMPK and Sirtuins, the repression of mTOR and the activation of autophagy/mitophagy plays an essential role in its effect on health and longevity. Although the reduction of protein intake and amino acid restriction has been associated with the effect of calorie restriction, many studies indicate that is the reduction of calories the main factor in its prolongevity effect. In humans, calorie restriction has demonstrated their positive effect on the progression of many metabolic diseases associated with aging such as cardiovascular disease and type II diabetes. Regulation of the metabolism and the elimination of damaged structures, such as mitochondria, are essential to maintain an extended longevity and in the maintenance of health-span by preventing the onset and progression of age-related diseases