Studies on the Soiling of Fabrics Part 7 : The Soiling and Deterging Characteristics of Resin Treated Fabrics

前報において,樹脂加工綿布の汚れやすさ,および付いた汚れが著しく洗浄し難い性質は,併用されているアクリル系ポリマーが主因であることを確め得たので,本報には引続き次のような事実を検討した。1)アクリル系ポリマーを,レーヨン・アセテート・ビニロン・ナイロン等による織物の加工に用いても,綿布の場合と同様な著しい汚れ保持性が現われ,ことに石けん液洗浄によつても洗浄し難くなる。繊維種別によつての差異を認めにくいことから,これらの諸性質は,繊維表面に形成されたアクリル樹脂皮膜の性質によるものと考えられる(実験I,第3〜10表,第1図)。2)ジメチロールエチレン尿素による加工によつても,若干の洗浄率低下が見られるが,アクリル系ポリマーを用いた場合のような甚しいものではない。3)綿布だけにつき,アクリル系ポリマーを除く,各種の型の加工用樹脂や撥水剤を用いて処理し,同様に汚染性および洗浄性を検討したが,アクリル系のような著しい汚れ保持性は認められなかつた。エマルジョンの形で使用されるものは,木綿繊維の表面状態を変化することも加わつて,水洗浄率は著しく低下するが,石けん液による洗浄性は高く,アクリル系ポリマーによる加工布の汚れ保持性は,単に表面状態のためばかりではないものと考えられる。In the previous paper the author reported the strong soil retentive character of resin-finished cotton fabrics, and it was also reported that the added acrylic polymers, which were usually used for the resin treatment, served as the source of this property. Dimethylol ethylene urea, used as aqueous solution, for instance, affected slightly on the soil retentive behaviour of the fabrics, but not so remarkable one as compared with acrylic polymers. The types of acrylic polymers, such as cationic, anionic, or nonionic, showed little difference for this property. Thus, it is confirmed that the film of acrylic polymer built on the surface of fibers after the resin treatment seemed to be the source of mechanical sites of soil retention. This phenomenon was further investigated in this paper with the fabrics of the other fibers, such as viscose-rayon, acetate, vinylon, and nylon, when those were treated with acrylic polymers, and it was observed that the soils on these treated fabrics were difficult to be deterged off even in hot soap solution. The difference of the soil retentive force of cotton fabrics with some kinds o f resins were also researched. The soils on the fabrics treated with higher fatty acids resin and those with quarternary ammonium salt, both of them were used as emulsion, could not be deterged by water alone, but could be washed away by soap solution, whereas the soils on the fabrics treated with silicone were more difficult to be desoiled even in soap solution. From these results, it is assumed that the soil retentive effect of acrylic polymers used as resin-finishing for fabrics would be due to the chemical structure of these polymers themselves, and not to the form of these polymers used for fabrics, such as emulsion or solution