Studies on the Soiling of Fabrics Part 3 : Soiling Characteristics of Sized or Starched Fabrics

各種の糊料ポリマーにより糊付けした木綿布の,3種の方法の人工汚染液による汚染性を比較して,次の如き結果を得た。1)四塩化炭素分散汚染液によつては,部分鹸化ポリビニルアルコール(PVA-Ac)糊付布を除き,それぞれ若干の防汚性を示し,澱粉(S)やポリビニアルコール(PVA)は,ソジウムカルボキシメチルセルロース(SCMC)よりむしろ防汚性が高い。2)PVAの防汚性は重合度が増すとやや減少する傾向を示すが,PVA-Acは重合度が増すと逆に助汚性を減少する。ソジウムカルボキシメチル澱粉は,澱粉糊付布よりも防汚性を上昇するが,その効果はあまり大きくない。3)水分散汚染液によると,1)項とは異なつて,SCMC糊付布が明らかな防汚性を示すが澱粉・PVA・PVA-Ac等による糊付布は原布よりも汚染されやすい。この現象は次報(第4表)に述べる洗浄効果よりみた広義の防汚性とも関連することである。4)水分散汚染液に糊料ポリマーを溶解したもので未糊付布を汚染すると,いずれの糊料を添加した場合でも,無添加の汚染液よりは汚染しやすい。Soiling characteristics of fabrics, especially those of cotton and viscose rayon, were discussed in the previous papers using the artificial soiling mixtures which were dispersions of carbon-black and oily materials (mineral oil and hardened fat) in CCl_4 or in H_2O. The difference of dispersion medium for carbonblack was found as a big factor of soiling and de-soiling behaviour of fabrics. In this paper, soil preventive qualities of some useful sizing materials (starch, carboxymethylcellulose, polyvinylalcohol, alginic acid and several derivatives of those) are compared on the starched or sized cotton fabrics. Methods of artificial soiling and of determination of soiling degree are almost the same as those in the prepvious papers, except "soiling medium of sizing solution", which is the aqueous dispersion of carbon-black containing sizing materials. By the soiling mixture using CCl_4 as dispersion medium for carben-black, the starched cotton fabrics of starch or PVA show soil-preventing character, whereas that of PVA-Ac (partially saponified polyvinylalcohol) are more readily soiled than original fabrics. SCMC siz ed fabrics also prevent to be soiled, but this quality is more remarkable when water is used as dispersion medium than in CCl_4-medium. Fabrics starched by starch, PVA and PVA-Ac have no soil-preventive characteristics in aqueous soiling mixtures