Evaluation of Survival Rate of Zygomatic Implants Placed using Immediate Loading Protocol in Atrophic Maxillaa: A Clinical study

BACKGROUND: Zygoma implants are evidence –based surgical and prosthetic solution for rehabilitation of atrophic posterior maxilla with both classical two stage and immediate loading protocols. Zygoma implants avoid grafting and sinus lift procedures and therefore contribute to a shorter and more comfortable treatment. Zygoma bone is superior to that of the posterior maxilla in providing anchorage and success of zygomatic implant is due to Quad cortical stabilization, that he implant body engages four cortical bones: 1. Maxillary Lingual Plate, 2. Maxillary sinus floor, 3. Maxillary sinus roof, 4. Lateral cortex of the body of zygomatic bone. Immediate loading decreases the time of treatment and increases the acceptance of the treatment by the patient. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the survival rate of immediately loaded zygomatic implant based on clinical criteria. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 5 patients with completely edentulous atrophic posterior maxilla fulfilling the criteria were selected. Nobel Biocare zygomatic implants were placed in the posterior region of completely edentulous maxilla and anterior conventional implants in selected subjects. The patients were assessed pre operatively and post operatively 1 week, 3 months 6, 9 and 12 months to assess clinical parameters like pain, infect ion, implant stability quotient, Lund – Mackay rhino sinusitis analysis, Ainamo and Bay gingival bleeding index and evaluation of position of apical third of zygomatic implant. The data collected was analyzed statistically. RESULTS: The zygomatic implants and the anterior conventional implants were immediately loaded and a survival rate of 100% was obtained in both zygoma and conventional implants in the current study. The mean ISQ achieved on the right side was 68.80 ± 4.14 and on the left side 65.6 intra operatively which was suggestive of good primary stability. Post operatively after a period of one year follow up the mean ISQ o the right and left side was 71 which indicate secondary stability. CONCLUS ION: Completely edentulous atrophic maxilla rehabilitated with immediate loaded zygomatic implants in combination with anterior conventional implants revealed a survival rate of 100% in one year follow up in current study. There were no potential complications encountered during the follow up period