International audienceThe objectives of this work are to study the behaviour of 238 U and its daughters in the continental environment and to determine the radiological impact of U mining past activities in the Haute-Vienne French administrative division. The distribution of radionuclides among different size fractions was investigated upstream and downstream mines. Particulate (>0.45µm) and dissolved (<0.45µm) fractions were separated by filtration and analysed by gamma spectrometry. A preconcentration step by evaporation was elaborated and validated for liquid samples. Results indicate that radiological impacts of U mines are the enhancement of radionuclides activities and a change of their distribution between particulate and dissolved f...