Cr and V Substitution in the LiMn(2)O(4)Spinel Positive Electrode Li-Ion Batteries

In this study, LiCr0.2V0.4Mn1.4O4 cathode active electrode materials were produced via a facile sol-gel method at 800 degrees C. The surfaces of the LiCr0.2V0.4Mn1.4O4 cathode active electrode materials were then coated with Cu in order to increase the conductivity and suppress the manganese ion dissolution into the electrolyte. The structure and electrochemical properties of the obtained Cr and V substituted LiMn2O4 powders were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), galvanostatic charge-discharge test and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The improvement in the cycling performances attributed to stabilization of spinel structure by bication ion substation and Cu coating on the spinel particles. EIS analysis confirmed that bication doping and conductive Cu coating contributed stability of the spinel electrodes and provided stable electrolyte/electrode interface due to the suppression of electrolyte decompositio