EATING DISORDERS AND SELF-PERCEPTION AMONG STUDENTS OF THE FINAL GRADES OF THE MEDICAL SCHOOL IN RIJEKA AND MEDICAL SCHOOL KARLOVAC IN THE PROFESSION OF GENERAL NURSE CARE

Poremećaji jedenja veoma su ozbiljni psihofizički i sociokulturološki poremećaji, javljaju se u sve ranijoj životnoj dobi a karakterizirani su smetnjama u navikama hranjenja i ponašanju što u konačnici dovodi do oštećenja tjelesnog zdravlja i psihosocijalnog funkcioniranja. Primarna karakteristika poremećaja jest da oboljeli imaju poremećenu sliku o vlastitom tijelu i tjelesnoj težini. Mehanizmi i uzroci nastanka poremećaja još uvijek nisu ko kraja razjašnjeni, no pretpostavlja se da nastaju međudjelovanjem okolišnih, bioloških, psiholoških te sociokulturnih faktora. Od bioloških faktora nerijetko su to spol, dob i tjelesna masa, dok kod psiholoških faktora važnu ulogu imaju zadovoljstvo slikom tijela, samopoštovanje i perfekcionizam. Kada govorimo o okolišnim čimbenicima najčešće se ističu utjecaj medija, prijatelja i roditelja. Prema DSM-5 klasifikaciji osnovni poremećaji jedenja su Anoreksjia nervoza, Bulimia nervoza i poremećaji s prejedanjem dok su ostali poremećaji jedenja svrstani u „druge specifične poremećaje jedenja“ i „nespecificirane poremećaje jedenja“. Poremećaji jedenja povezani su sa sniženom kvalitetom života a nerijetko su obilježeni i raznim zdravstvenim komplikacijama koje počesto mogu biti i letalne stoga se sa terapijskim postupcima nastoji započeti što je prije moguće. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je ispitati stavove i ponašanja uobičajenih za poremećaje jedenja kod srednjoškolaca obzirom na dob i spol te njihovu povezanost sa roditeljima i prijateljima te ispitati stavove o samopoimanju. Istraživanje je provedeno na uzorku od 78 učenika završnih razreda Medicinske škole u Rijeci i Medicinske škole Karlovac u smjeru medicinska sestra/tehničar opće njege.Eating disorders are very serious psychophysical and sociocultural disorders, occurring at an earlier age and are characterized by disturbances in eating habits and behavior that ultimately lead to impaired physical health and psychosocial functioning. The primary characteristic of the disorder is that sufferers have a disturbed picture of their own body and body weight. The mechanisms and causes of the disorder have not yet been fully elucidated, but it is assumed that they arise from the interaction of environmental, biological, psychological and socio-cultural factors. Among the biological factors, these are often gender, age and body weight, while in the case of psychological factors, body image satisfaction, self-esteem and perfectionism play an important role. When we talk about environmental factors, the influence of the media, friends and parents is most often highlighted. According to the DSM-5 classification, the main eating disorders are Anorexia nervosa, Bulimia nervosa and overeating disorders, while other eating disorders are classified as "other specific eating disorders" and "unspecified eating disorders". Eating disorders are associated with a reduced quality of life and are often marked by various health complications that can often be fatal, so we try to start therapeutic procedures as soon as possible. The aim of this study was to examine the attitudes and behaviors common to eating disorders in high school students with respect to age and gender and their relationship to parents and friends, and to examine attitudes about self-perception. The research was conducted on a sample of 78 students of the final grades of the Medical School in Rijeka and Karlovac in the nurse profession