Natural and Novel Peptides as Disease Curing Therapeutic Agents

In living organisms Peptides binds to specific receptors located on the cell surface and induces a series of signals, neurotransmissions or the release of growth factors. After 1960s there is a rapid increase in usage of peptides as therapeutic agents. Peptides are using widely in medicine and biotechnology, and therapeutic peptide research. Prokaryotes, plants, animals produce host defence peptides which are highly useful in drug development. Plant peptides have chemical constitutions of proteins, stability like organic molecules which are useful to treat cancer cells, HIV. Bacteria, Animal kingdom containing living organisms like reptiles, amphibians, arachnids, fishes, mammals, molluscs and insects produce mixture of peptides as a defencing mechanism which are now using as therapeutic agents. Enzymes can be used as peptide activators, peptide inhibitors to treat certain diseases like cancer, Alzheimer’s diseases, stroke, arthritis and pulmonary diseases. The degradation of peptides drugs can be overcome by modifying the peptides structure to limit their mechanism. Peptide drug delivery to target plays a major role in treating the diseases by administering through different kind of routes of administration. Peptides can be used as tumour-targeting agents because of their smaller size, they can more easily penetrate solid tumours. Peptides are now available in oral drug delivery has long been a challenging interest. Peptides and related compounds would revolutionize the therapeutic treatment of many diseases. The pioneering approach to the synthesis of peptides on chips was published by Fodor which is based on photolithography