Comparing medicine with toxicology - a mapping of knowledge creation, concepts and basic epistemology

The main concerns of this forum on evidence-based toxicology (EBT) are 1) how toxicological practice may be improved, 2) whether toxicology may profit from evidence-based tools (especially from evidence-based medicine; EBM), 3) how EBT may be defined, and 4) how a practicable EBT may be achieved. To determine whether toxicology can benefit from EBM, it is first necessary to evaluate basic concepts and processes of knowledge-based decision-making in both disciplines. Since any debate concerning evidence is about the way we transform propositions into knowledge, the paper moreover will, very briefly, touch upon epistemological key concepts such as causation, knowledge and evidence which will be briefly discussed on the background of hallmarks of epistemological debate.JRC.DDG.I.3-In-vitro method