3D Technologies in Safeguards Applications

Three Dimensional (3D) technologies have been proposed for Safeguards applications already in the early 90's, the major advantage being increased robustness in terms of verification. Recently major technological developments enabled the wide use of 3D technologies. The paper overviews different 3D technologies and discusses their potential in safeguards. The paper discusses the use of 3D technologies for improved continuity of knowledge in several application areas including site modelling and verification of design changes both indoors and outdoors, identification of nuclear containers by unique surface maps, the verification of containment and closure welds, and finally the augmentation of traditional 2D cameras with depth measurements for robust and accurate surveillance, including in-front-of-lens authentication. It presents some novel 3D surveillance sensors and 3D self-authentication techniques.JRC.G.8-Nuclear safeguard