Demonstrating the Learning Effectiveness of Simulation: Where We Are and Where We Need To Go

This paper focuses on the learning effectiveness of simulation exercises. It identifies a myriad of possible Learning objectives for simulations. Most of these objectives have been studied using perceptions as the dependent variable; few have been investigated using a more objective dependent variable. It is clear that objective measures have been used for a very limited range of learning objectives. Much of the reason for the limitations of our present state of knowledge can be attributed to our lack of attention or inability to develop appropriate, objective dependent measures of learning. Until appropriate objective variables are identified for a broader range of learning objectives, solid support for the learning effectiveness of simulations will be lacking