Development of Heating and Cooling Equations to Predict Changes in Energy Use Due to Changes in Building Envelope Thermal Characteristics

A new energy efficiency code for nonresidential buildings is being developed in Canada. This code will have three compliance paths for the building envelope requirements - simple prescriptive tables, a tradeoff procedure, and whole-building performance modeling. In order to calculate the prescriptive requirements methods were needed to calculate the relative change in energy use for a change in envelope characteristics. Simplified methods for calculating heating and cooling loads were derived from a database of 5400 DOE-2.1E simulations of a model building. The methods predict energy use to within 10% of the DOE-2.1E simulations. The 25 locations modeled by DOE-2.1E were used to generate climate correlations to predict heating and cooling requirements for locations not in the database. These correlations can predict the loads within 20% of the DOE-2.1E results for typical heating and cooling loads. The methods derived were used in the life-cycle cost analysis used to generate the prescriptive values that appear in the new model Energy Code. They were also incorporated in the tradeoff procedure and tradeoff software.Un nouveau code d?efficacit\ue9 \ue9nerg\ue9tique pour les b\ue2timents non r\ue9sidentiels est actuellement mis au point au Canada. Ce code comportera trois (3) cheminements de conformit\ue9 pour les exigences visant l?enveloppe de b\ue2timent: des tables prescriptives simples, une m\ue9thode de v\ue9rification de la conformit\ue9 des solutions de remplacement, ainsi qu?une mod\ue9lisation de la performance du b\ue2timent dans son ensemble. Pour pouvoir calculer les exigences prescriptives, nous devions disposer de m\ue9thodes permettant de calculer le changement relatif dans la consommation d?\ue9nergie pour toute modification apport\ue9e aux caract\ue9ristiques de l?enveloppe. Des m\ue9thodes simplifi\ue9es de calcul des charges de chauffage et de climatisation ont \ue9t\ue9 d\ue9riv\ue9es d?une base de donn\ue9es de 5400 simulations d?un b\ue2timent mod\ue8le selon le programme logiciel DOE-2.1E. Les m\ue9thodes en question permettent de pr\ue9dire la consommation d?\ue9nergie \ue0 10 % pr\ue8s des valeurs des simulations selon DOE-2.1E. Les 25 emplacements mod\ue9lis\ue9s selon DOE-2.1E ont \ue9t\ue9 utilis\ue9s dans le but de produire des corr\ue9lations climatiques visant la pr\ue9diction des exigences en mati\ue8re de chauffage et de climatisation pour les emplacements ne figurant pas dans la base de donn\ue9es. Ces corr\ue9lations peuvent permettre de pr\ue9dire les charges \ue0 20 % pr\ue8s des r\ue9sultats g\ue9n\ue9r\ue9s par le programme logiciel DOE-2.1E pour des charges de chauffage et de climatisation types. Les m\ue9thodes d\ue9riv\ue9es ont \ue9t\ue9 utilis\ue9es dans l?analyse des co\ufbts sur la dur\ue9e de la vie utile afin de g\ue9n\ue9rer les valeurs prescriptives qui apparaissent dans le nouveau Code mod\ue8le national de l?\ue9nergie, et ont \ue9t\ue9 \ue9galement incorpor\ue9es dans la m\ue9thode de v\ue9rification de la conformit\ue9 des solutions de remplacement ainsi qu?au logiciel de v\ue9rification de la conformit\ue9.Peer reviewed: NoNRC publication: Ye