The urban forestry programme in the heavily built-up milieu of Hong Kong

Urban forestry in Hong Kong is performed in exceptionally trying conditions due to the rampant occurrence of inherent physical and physiological constraints. The high-ensity development mode has resulted in cramped and poor-quality growing conditions both above and below the ground. The urban forest is unevenly scattered in a wide range of land uses with different canopy covers, species composition, tree dimensions and performance. Whilst overall tree number is limited, the floristic diversity is surprisingly high due to a combination of factors including a history of plant introduction, natural native diversity, and inheritance from pre-urbanization woodland and from former private gardens. Various participants and stakeholders play different roles in the urban forestry regime. Recent comprehensive studies of trees commissioned by the government at roadsides and urban parks provided valuable objective data and insight to design systematic and citywide management and planting plans. Trees dwelling in the peri- and intra-urban woodlands of high ecological and environmental values requires upgraded care and protection. The contribution of private developers in the urban greening programme needs to be encouraged with appropriate incentives, and be integrated into a comprehensive landscape plan. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.link_to_subscribed_fulltex