Peningkatan jumlah makrofag pada proses penyembuhan luka pasca pencabutan gigi marmut (cavia cobaya) akibat pemberian gel ekstrak meniran (phyllanthus niruri lynn)

ABSTRACT Background: Meniran (Phyllanthus niruri Lynn) contain saponin, flavonoid, filantin, hipofilantin, kalium, damar dan tannin. Flavonoid as one of the ingredients of Phyllanthus niruri are suggested to have effect of increasing the activity of macrophage that stimulates pro-healing effect by stimulating regeneration, activating and proliferating fibroblast also angiogenesis. Purpose: The aim of this study is to know that Phyllanthus niruri extract gel can increase the amount of macrophage in wound healing process after Cavia cobaya’s tooth extraction. Methods: This study used experimental design with post-test only control group design. Experimental subject is male Cavia cobaya. Subject was divided into five groups, each group contains seven Cavia cobaya. For the negative control group we use CMC-Na3% and povidone iodine for the positive control group. The other five groups we use Phyllanthus niruri extract gel with different concentrations 22,5%, 45%, and 90%. Execution was held after three days by taking the mandibula to make hystopathologic preparat, examined under microscope with 400 times magnification, then counted for the amount of macrophage. The result of study tested with oneway ANOVA and LSD to look for the difference of macrophage count between groups. Result: One-way ANOVA’s result showed a significant difference between control and Phyllanthus niruri extract gel treated group. LSD’s result showed significant difference between negative control group and positive control, 22,5%, 45%, 90% Phyllanthus niruri extract gel treated group, but no significant difference between positive control group and 22,5% Phyllanthus niruri extract gel treated group. Conclusion: Application of Phyllanthus niruri extract gel can increase the amount of macrophage in wound healing process after Cavia cobaya’s tooth extraction and the optimal concentration is 45%