Exercise epidemiology of cognitive function and dementia : Special attention to dose-response relationship

Aging is, for the most individuals, accompanied with a general decline in cognitive function and physical activity. Lack of physical activity has been implicated in various health conditions including diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Increased physical activity improves the risk associated with these diseases and dementia. A number of large prospective cohort studies have highlighted the protective role of regular physical activity in lowering the risk of cognitive impairment and dementia. The most of the exercise intervention study have used aerobic exercise training. However, these are not provided the evidence for optimal intensity, duration, and frequency of aerobic exercise. In addition, the effect of other training is not yet clarified as compared with that of aerobic exercise training. The purpose of this mini-review is to summarize the effect of exercise on dementia and related cognitive function in human and to get the clue of the future study