Patterns of presence and concentration of pesticides in the main course of the Júcar River (Eastern Spain)

The Júcar River, in a typical Mediterranean Basin, is expected to suffer a decline in water quality and quantity as a consequence of the climate change. This study is focused on the presence and distribution of pesticides in water and fish, using the first extensive optimization and application of the QuEChERS method to determine pesticides in river fish. Majority pesticides in water -in terms of presence and concentration- were dichlofenthion, chlorfenvinphos, imazalil, pyriproxyfen and prochloraz (associated with a frequent use in farming activities), as well as buprofezin, chlopyriphos and hexythiaxoz. In fish, the main compounds were azinphos-ethyl, chlorpyriphos, diazinon, dimethoate and ethion. The analysis of bio-concentration in fish indicated differences by species. The maximum average concentration was detected in European eel (a critically endangered fish species). The wide presence of pesticides in water and fish suggests potential severe effects on fish populations and other biota in future scenarios of climate change, in a river basin with several endemic and endangered fish species. The potential effects of pesticides in combination with multiple stressors require further research to prioritize the management of specific chemicals and suggest effective restoration actions at the basin scale.This study was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness with the project SCARCE (Consolider-Ingenio 2010 CSD2009-00065). Authors also thank the help of the confederacion Hidrografica del Jucar (Gobierno de Esparia) which provided environmental data, and to all the colleagues who collaborated in sampling campaigns, R. Munoz-Mas, R.M.S. Costa and J.D. Alcaraz-Hernandez.Belenguer, V.; Martinez-Capel, F.; Masiá, A.; Picó, Y. (2014). Patterns of presence and concentration of pesticides in the main course of the Júcar River (Eastern Spain). Journal of Hazardous Materials. 265:271-279. doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.11.016S27127926