Prevalence of overweight and obesity in public school pupils according to three anthropometric diagnostic criteria

To compare the prevalence of child obesity according to three criteria, a cross-sectional study was performed with 6-to-11-year-old children in eight elementary public schools in the city of São Paulo. Z scores for weight-for-height (W/H) and body mass index (BMI) were calculated from the weight and height variables. Prevalence rates for overweight in males, according to Must, Cole, and WHO criteria, were 10.92%, 10.29%, and 11.94%, respectively, and for obesity 8.17%, 13.67%, and 10.29%. For females, prevalence rates for overweight according to Must, Cole, and WHO criteria were 13.51%, 13.83%, and 13.67%, respectively, and for obesity 8.25%, 16.50%, and 11.73%. The study analyzes the variations in obesity estimates based on different criteria, highlighting the need for clinical and population studies to support the development of a single criterion. Such studies, in addition to identifying individuals with a higher probability of excess body fat, could also correlate body fat to risk of illness and death (similar to the 25 and 30 BMI cutoff points in adults).Com objetivo de comparar a prevalência de obesidade infantil segundo três critérios antropométricos, foi realizado estudo transversal em oito escolas públicas estaduais na cidade de São Paulo, com crianças entre 6 e 11 anos de idade. Com base nas variáveis peso e altura, calculou-se o escore Z de P/E e o IMC. As prevalências de sobrepeso para o sexo masculino pelos critérios de Cole, Must e OMS foram de 10,92%, 10,29% e 11,94%, respectivamente, e para obesidade 8,17%, 13,67% e 10,29%. Para o sexo feminino, as prevalências de sobrepeso pelos critérios de Cole, Must e OMS foram de 13,51%, 13,83% e 13,67%, respectivamente, e para obesidade 8,25%, 16,50% e 11,73%. As variações nas estimativas de obesidade, se considerarmos os diferentes critérios, ressalta a necessidade de estudos populacionais e clínicos que orientem critério único, que além de identificar os indivíduos com maior probabilidade de excesso de gordura corporal, correlacione isto ao risco de adoecer e morrer, como ocorre com os pontos de corte 25 e 30 do IMC em adultos.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Escola Paulista de MedicinaUNIFESP, EPMSciEL