The Evolution of Optical Depth in the Lyα Forest: Evidence Against Reionization at z~6

We examine the evolution of the IGM Lyα optical depth distribution using the transmitted flux probability distribution function (PDF) in a high-resolution sample of 55 QSOs spanning absorption redshifts 1.7 5.7, while simultaneously reproducing the mean transmitted flux down to z = 1.6. In this empirical sense, the evolution of the Lyα forest at z ~ 6 is consistent with observed trends at lower redshift. If the evolution of the forest at z ≾ 5 reflects a slowly evolving density field, temperature, and UV background, then no sudden change in the IGM, such as one due to late reionization, appears necessary to explain the disappearance of transmitted flux at z ~ 6. If the MHR00 density distribution is correct, then a nonuniform UV background and/or IGM temperature may be required to produce the correct distribution of optical depths. We find that an inverse temperature-density relation for the MHR00 model significantly improves the PDF fits, but with a large scatter in the equation-of-state index