Empirical model equations for the direct methanol fuel cell DMFCs

Empirical model equations, proposed for polymer electrolyte fuel cells, are used to predict the cell voltage vs. current density response of a liquid feed direct methanol fuel cell. The model equations are validated against experimental data for a small-scale fuel cell over a wide range of methanol concentration and temperatures. A new empirical equation is presented which is able to predict the voltage response of liquid feed direct methanol fuel cells over a wide range of operating conditions and even in the case of very low current densities caused by, for example, the use of dilute methanol solutions or low cell temperatures