Range verification by means of prompt-gamma detection in particle therapy

International audienceIon range verification in particle therapy, possibly in real time, is still an open issueto improve the treatment quality by reducing safety margins. Among the various methods thatare under study or already brought to the clinics, prompt gamma offer a unique opportunity ofreal time control. In this chapter, we present the physical background and conditions specificfor the operation environment in the clinics, followed by an overview of the various techniquesrelying on prompt-gamma detection that have been proposed and developed for more than adecade. Different approaches, based on imaging and non-imaging techniques, providing eitherintegrated or differential information are described, and their maturity, limitations and clinicalusefulness are discussed