The vegetative growth of silver birch (Betula pendula) and black alder (Alnus glutinosa) in the example of The State Forest Management Centre (RMK) Reiu nursery

Magistritöö Metsamajanduse õppekavalMagistritöö eesmärk oli uurida arukase ja sanglepa kõrguskasvu ühe kasvuperioodi jooksul Reiu taimla näitel. Vaatluse all oli Reiu avamaa taimla, kus taimede kasvatamiseks kasutatakse pott-põld süsteemi. Reius kasvatatakse okas- ja lehtpuutaimi. Antud töös keskendutakse lehtpuudele, arukasele ja sanglepale. Mõõdeti mõlema puuliigi kevadine ja sügisene kõrgus. Mõõtmised teostati Reiu taimla põldudel ja uuriti ühe aasta vanuseid arukase ning sanglepa taimi. Andmed koguti 2019. aasta kevadel enne vegetatsiooniperioodi ning sama aasta sügisel pärast vegetatsiooniperioodi. Kevadel määrati taimede algkõrgus ning sügisel lõppkõrgus. Mõõtmised teostati viiel põllul, millest enamikul kasvas arukask, sanglepa jaoks oli eraldatud väike osa neljandast põllust. Andmete kogumiseks tekitati ühe ruutmeetri suurune prooviruut. Tekitatud kastis tähistati nurga taim juhtmevitsaga, et sügisel see prooviruut ülesse leida. Prooviruudus mõõdeti kümnel taimel kõrgus ja loeti kasti jäävate taimede arv ning märgiti kahjustatud taimed. Kokku mõõdeti 2580 taime, millest arukase taimi oli 2010 ja sanglepa taimi oli 570. Tulemustest selgus, et soodsates tingimustes suudab aastaga kasvada arukask ja sanglepp meeter või isegi rohkem. Kevadel jäid arukase kõrgused vahemikku 2-34 cm ja sanglepal jäid 2-24 cm vahele. Antud taimed olid ettekasvatatud RMK Marana taimlas, et neid Reius põllu peal edasi kasvatada. Sügisel jäid arukase taimed vahemikku 29-178 cm ja sanglepa taimed jäid vahemikku 16-222 cm. Arukase taimed olid kasvanud ühtlasemalt, kasvus alla jäänud taimed esinesid pigem põllu otstes, kus kogunes liigvesi. Sanglepa taimed seevastu olid väga kosunud aladel, kus esined liigvett ning kuivemates kohtades, polnud taimed eriliselt kasvanud.The aim on the master theses was to investigate the vegetative growth of Silver Birch (Betula pendula ) and Black Alder in the example of The State Forest Management Centre (RMK) Reiu nursery. Reiu Nursery is an open land nursery, where the crops are produced by using plug+1 method. At Reiu Nursery both conifer and foliage plants are produced. The subjects of the study were foliage plants: silver birch and black alder. The author measured the growth of the selected plants during spring and autumn season. The measurements were conducted on Reiu fileds and the subjects were one-year-old silver birch and black alder plants. The data were collected in 2019 before the start and after the vegetation period. The initial growth of the plants were measured in spring and final growth in autumn. The data were collected from five fields, where the major crop was silver birch, black alder was grown on four fields as a minority. In order to get data, a sample square with a size of one square meter was created. The selected plant in the corner of the sample square was marked, in order to find it in autumn. Inside the sample square the growth of the ten plants was measured, then counted the number of plants inside the square and damaged plants was identified. 2580 plants were counted all together, from which 2010 were silver birch plants and 570 black alder plants. The results show that in suitable conditions silver birch and black alder is able to grow up to one meter and more during one vegetation period. In spring the growth of silver birch plants were 2-34cm and black alder 2-24cm. The named plants were pre-grown on the RMK Marana Nursery. In autumn the growth of silver birch plants were 29-178cm and black alder 16-222cm. The growth of silver birch was more homogeneous, the plants with a smaller growth rate were found on the edge of the field, in waterlogged soil. To the contrary, the black alder plants with the bigger growing rate where found in waterlogged soils, in drier soils the growth was almost impalpable