Infection of pollen beetles (Brassicogethes aeneus Fab.) and pollinators with entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana Vuill.,using BotaniGard 22WP on spring oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.)

Magistritöö Maastikukaitse- ja hoolduse õppekavalSuured rapsipõllud on loonud soodsad tingimused ristõieliste kahjurite arvukuse tõusuks. Enamlevinud kahjuriks rapsil on naeri-hiilamardikas, mille tõrje tegemata jätmisel on kahjud seemnesaagile 70-80%. Seetõttu on pestitsiidide kasutamine põllumajanduses peaaegu paratamatu. Aga see toob kaasa tolmeldajate arvukuse vähenemise põllumajandusmaastikel. Uurimistöö eesmärkideks oli selgitada entomopatogeense preparaadi BotaniGard 22WP efektiivsus naeri-hiilamardikate tõrjumisel ning sellest tulenevat riski tolmeldajatele. Katstes kasutati entomopatogeense seenpreparaati BotaniGard 22WP. Andmete kogumine toimus 2017. a. suvel Rõhu Katsejaama suvirapsi põllul. Selleks tehti 4 iseseisvat katset, 2 neist naeri-hiilamardikatega ja 1 meemesilastega ja 1 karukimalastega. Hiilamardikate puhul töödeldi põldu preparaadiga ja kolm päeva hiljem käidi mardikaid laborisse toomas. Mesilaste ja kimalastega töödeldi katsevariante laboris. Katsete puhul jälgiti suremust pestitsiididega töödeldud toitunud mardikaid ja mesilaslaadsetel kontaktil preparaadiga. Uurimistöö tulemustest selgus, et kasutatud doos ei andnud märkimisväärseid tulemusi tõrjeks naeri-hiilamardikate vastu ja meemesilaste ega kimalaste suremus ei tõusnud töödeldud variandi puhul.Large oilseed rape fields have created favorable conditions for the increase of the numbers of cruciferous pests. The most common pest of oilseed rape is the pollen beetle, by which the failure of the control can allow the damages as high as 70-80% of the crop yield. Therefore, the use of pesticides in agriculture is inevitable. But this leads to the reduction in the number of pollinators in agricultural landscapes. The aim of the research was to analyse the efficieny of the preparation BotaniGard 22WP against pollen beetles and the possible risk for pollinating bees. The BotaniGard 22WP entomopathogenic fungal preparation was used for testing. The data collection took place in summer 2017. in Rõhu Experimental Station (EMU) on spring oilseed rape field. For this purpose, 4 independent experiments were carried out, 2 of them with pollen beetles and 1 honeybees and 1 bumblebees. In the case of pollen beetles, the field treatments with the preparation were made three days before the collection of beetles or honey bees. The mortality rate was determined by daily observations in the laboratory. The honeybee and bumblebee treatments were carried through in lab conditions. The results of the research indicate that the dose used did not achieve significant control against the pollen beetles, and had no negatiive effect on honeybees and bumblebees