Facile Syntheses of Ba2[B4O7(OH)2] and Na[B5O7(OH)2](H2O) Borate Salts Exhibiting Nonlinear Optical Activity in the Ultraviolet

Two novel noncentrosymmetric metal borates, Ba2[B4O7(OH)2] (1) and Na[B5O7(OH)2](H2O) (2), have been obtained by hydrothermal and surfactant−thermal means. Compound 1 consists of novel one-dimensional borate chains formed by B3O9 and B3O8 rings, assembled into a three-dimensional (3D) framework by Ba2+ cations. The structure of 2 exhibits doublehelical chains constructed from B5O10 primary building units, which are interconnected via Na+ cations and H-bonding interactions to generate a 3D framework. Second-harmonic-generation (SHG) measurements show that 1 shows a phasematching powder SHG response of ∼2.2 × KH2PO4 (KDP), while 2 exhibits a weak SHG response. The cutoff edges of 1 and 2 are ∼242 and ∼221 nm, respectively, which suggests that they are potential ultraviolet nonlinear optical (NLO) materials. Band structures and NLO properties have also been theoretically studied