Whether the Lithuanian regulation of offenses committed under the influence is appropriate comparing it with other countries experience?

Magistro darbo tema – „ar Lietuvoje esantis nusikalstamų veikų padarymo apsvaigus reglamentavimas yra tinkamas lyginant su kitų valstybių patirtimi?\" Pagrindinis šio darbo tikslas – išanalizuoti Lietuvos ir užsienio šalių mokslinę literatūrą, teisės aktus bei teismų praktiką, nustatyti, ar Lietuvoje esantis nusikalstamų veikų padarymo apsvaigus reglamentavimas yra tinkamas lyginant su kitų valstybių patirtimi. Magistro darbas susideda iš trijų dalių. Pirmoje darbo dalyje analizuojama nusikalstamų veikų padarymo apsvaigus reglamentavimas Lietuvoje. Asmens atsakomybė už tokioje būsenoje padarytas nusikalstamas veikas reglamentuota Lietuvos Respublikos baudžiamojo kodekso 19 straipsnyje, kuriame išskiriamos dvi apsvaigimo formos: savanoriškas ir priverstinis. Savanoriškas apsvaigimas ir jo įtakoje padarytų nusikalstamų veikų reglamentavimas diskusijų nekelia, tačiau privartos arba apgaulės būdu sukeltas apsvaigimas ir jo įtakoje padarytų nusikalstamų veikų reglamentavimas kelia daugybę klausimų, todėl duoda pagrindą tyrimams. Antroje darbo dalyje analizuojama anglosaksų teisinei sistemai priklausančių šalių nusikalstamų veikų padarymo apsvaigus reglamentavimas. Šiose valstybėse atsispindi lankstus tokioje būsenoje padarytų nusikalstamų veikų reglamentavimas. Anglosaksų teisinei sistemai priklausančios šalys didžiausią dėmesį skiria išsiaiškinti vidinei, psichinei nusikalstamą veiką padariusio asmens būklei, o tik tada vertinama, ar toks asmuo apskritai gali būti traukiamas baudžiamojon atsakomybėn. Trečioje darbo dalyje analizuojama kontinentinei teisinei sistemai priklausančių šalių (Vokietijos, Austrijos, Šveicarijos, Prancūzijos, Olandijos, Italijos, Švedijos) nusikalstamų veikų padarymo apsvaigus reglamentavimas. Šiose valstybėse atsispindi labai griežtas tokioje būsenoje padarytų nusikalstamų veikų reglamentavimas. Kai kuriose valstybėse numatyta baudžiamoji atsakomybė ne tik už apsvaigimo būsenoje padarytą atitinkamą nusikalstamą veiką, tačiau ir už patį apsvaigimą.Intoxication and crime is important subject not only in Lithuania, but also around the world. Alcoholism is one of the most relevant problems because about 90 percent adults consume alcohol. Confined to alcohol do not go, because every day more and more people around the world consume drugs and other psychoactive substances. Research has shown that alcohol, drugs and other psychoactive substance use affects the central nervous system of normal activity. For this reason person does not control his actions, he becomes aggressive, does not think about the possible consequences, becomes unnecessarily brave, so there tends to commit offenses. Official statistics and studies show, that drugs and other psychoactive substances consume is widespread in society and is and tolerated. That triggers the increasing level of a crime by intoxicated persons. So it is very important to find out originating mental, internal state of such persons, for which the person may be held and which must be exempted from criminal liability. Master's thesis – „Whether the Lithuanian regulation of offenses committed under the influence is appropriate comparing it with other countries experience?” The main objective of this work - to analyze the Lithuanian and foreign scientific literature, legislation and case law, to determine whether the offenses in Lithuania was committed under the influence regulation is appropriate in relation to other experiences. Master's thesis consists of three parts. The first part analyzes the offenses committed under the influence regulation of Lithuania. Personal responsibility for such a state criminal offenses regulated by the Criminal Code of the Republic of Lithuania in Article 19, which distinguishes between two forms of intoxication: voluntary and involuntary. Voluntary Intoxication means intoxicating oneself with knowledge of getting impaired. Usually, voluntary intoxication is done by the intake of any alcohol or drug. In voluntary intoxication the person consuming the intoxicated drug will be in a position that she/he will be physically or mentally impaired. Involuntary intoxication is an affirmative defense to a criminal offense. Involuntary intoxication means that a defendant took a substance against his or her will and without his or her knowledge, which intoxication caused the defendant to not know that his or her conduct was wrong. Voluntary intoxication and its influence offenses committed Board regulation does not, however, coercion or deception-induced intoxication and the offenses committed under the influence of regulation raises a number of questions, so it gives a basis for research. The second part analyzes the Common law countries offenses committed under the influence regulation. In these countries, reflected in a flexible state offenses committed regulation. The Common law countries focusing on to find out the internal, mental offender condition, and only then assess whether that person would be prosecuted. The third part analyzes the Continental legal system countries (Germany, Austria, Switzerland, France, Holland, Italy, Sweden) the offenses committed under the influence regulation. In these countries, reflected in a very strict state regulation of offenses committed. Some states provide for criminal liability not only for the state of intoxication by the relevant offense, but for the same intoxication. The research problem. The criminal law has always required human guilt, because without it human responsibility is not possible (\"a person liable under the law only if he is guilty of an offense\"). This raises a fundamental issue - whether intoxicated person is guilty of an offense? Does the fact that a person was under the influence of alcohol, drugs and other psychoactive substances, it does not automatically mean the absence of guilt? After all, sometimes intoxication can be so severe that a person can not understand their actions and threats are not able to control the action. Also a number of problems arise in assessing of the Criminal Code Article 19 paragraphs 2 and 3 ratios. The question is, why having committed a criminal offense, careless or intentional minor or serious the crime the person is exempt from criminal liability and the result of serious and very serious crimes are not exempt from liability? After all, both of the above cases, the person souse or stunning against his will and without being able to understand and manage their actions carried out, committing a criminal offense. Is not in this case breach of the principle of justice? After all, for such a deed punished an innocent person. Although the Lithuanian case law is not cases forced intoxication, but that does not mean that there are no problems. Therefore, it is important to find the right solutions to situations that for the offense will be punished the guilty person. Tasks of the research.In order to achieve the objective, the work has been to bring the following tasks: 1. To analyze flexible in Common law countries existing regulatory offenses, which makes the intoxicated person. 2. To analyze the strong Continental legal system countries - Germany, Austria, Switzerland, France, Holland, Italy, Sweden - regulatory offenses, which makes the intoxicated person. 3. Identify all possible forms of intoxication in Lithuania, in Common law countries and in Continental legal system countries. 4. To analyze and compare in the form of intoxication offenses committed regulation. 5. To analyze and compare Common law countries and the Continental legal system countries, for intoxication originating lunacy and partially insane criteria and characteristics. 6. To analyze whether there is a criminal responsibility of unsound person and what a criminal responsibility is for limited unsound persons. Hypotheses: 1. The offenses committed under the influence voluntary regulation in Lithuania is appropriate, compared to the experience of other countries. 2. Criminal acts of violence committed by fraud or under the influence regulation in Lithuania is inappropriate, compared to the experience of other countries.Vytauto Didžiojo universiteta