Elstationsmodell med användande av programmerbara simulatorer

The aim of this thesis was to develop a substation simulation model that is based on several programmable simulators. The simulators are used together with amplifiers to generate voltage and current simulations to be injected into the relays. The focus of the thesis is on a large substation demonstration system for an ABB project. Various concepts related to power system protection and automation are discussed, providing a basis for seven case simulations. The thesis focuses especially on line, busbar and transformer protection. As a theoretical foundation for the case simulations, the thesis proposes a substation state model based on the substation's normal and fault states. Each state is associated with specific simulation values that are obtained by performing either a load flow or fault analysis. Realistic simulation values are obtained for the case simulations by analyzing all their foreseeable states. The simulation methodology is based on a case/step structure, which means that pre-analyzed simulation data is organized and programmed based on case and step numbers. The case traversal programming is based on the relay operations associated with the case. The input and output channels of the simulators are presented along with their use in the simulations. The various scaling considerations involved in the current and voltage simulations are analyzed. The results and observations from using the demonstration system are presented. The main conclusion of the thesis is that virtually any kind of substation demonstration system can be implemented using the general simulation methodology developed in the thesis. The thesis thus provides a good reference for future demonstration projects and development work on simulators