Effects of domestication on social support in chickens (Gallus gallus)

Social support is thought to give animals benefits from social partners, such as improved coping with challenges. The aim of this study was to investigate differences in social support in the red junglefowl (RJF) and a domestic layer strain, the White Leghorn (WL). A runway test consisting of two compartments with unfamiliar and familiar stimulus animals was used to measure social motivation before and after a stressful experience. Total number of test animals was 56 divided into four groups; male and female WL as well as male and female RJF. Results showed that females preferred to stay close to familiar conspecifics after stress treatment. Before stress treatment there was little difference between either sex of WL while RJF males and females chose different zones. Females preferred familiar conspecifics, indicating that they rely more on familiar social stimuli for social support. Males of the two breeds behaved differently towards stimulus animals. WL males showed aggression towards familiar stimulus animals while RJF males directed aggression towards unfamiliar stimulus animals. Indication of sexual behavioural dimorphism was supported while further research is needed in domestication effects on social support in chickens