Reason as the source of appearance : Kant's critique of reason and its consequences

Kant's philosophy is a fundamental and influential turning point in the understanding of appearance and reality because according to him, reason produces nothing in metaphysics but an illusory world of truths. Kant's notion of phenomenon (Erscheinung) soon became interpreted as mere appearance (bloßer Schein). Therefore Schopenhauer and Nietzsche made him a witness to a fundamental critique of modern rationality. In contrast, others tried to defend the reality content of our rational knowledge