STUDI PROTEKSI RADIASI SINAR-X TERHADAP PEKERJA RADIASI DI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM DAERAH KELAS B SIGLI

Pemanfaatan radiasi sinar-X sangat berguna dalam bidang medis namun juga beresiko bagi kesehatan dan keselamatan terutama pekerja radiasi yang memiliki resiko lebih besar dibandingkan tenaga kesehatan lainnya. Oleh sebab itu perlu dilakukan penelitian studi proteksi radiasi sinar-X terhadap pekerja radiasi. Penelitian ini dilakukan di RSUD kelas B Sigli. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan adalah dengan mengukur standarisasi ruangan radiologi, melakukan pemantauan dosis radiasi eksternal terhadap 3 orang Radiografer menggunakan alat ukur dosis Smart Rad EV-IB selama satu bulan, dan mengukur laju dosis paparan disekitar ruang penyinaran menggunakan Surveymeter. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa ruangan instalasi radiologi RSUD kelas B telah sesuai dengan standar Kemenkes RI namun belum memiliki struktur organisasi proteksi dan fisikawan medik. Untuk kedisiplinan pemakaian sistem proteksi radiasi, terdapat sebesar 66,7% telah mengikuti aturan sesuai dengan ketentuan Perka BAPETEN Nomor 8 Tahun 2011 dan Kemenkes RI. No. 1204 Tahun 2004. Dosis radiasi eksternal yang diterima oleh pekerja radiasi selama satu bulan mulai dari 0,0047 mSv hingga 0,0073 mSv, sehingga untuk satu tahun diperkirakan terdapat sebesar 0,0560 mSv hingga 0,0876 mSv. Berdasarkan hasil pengukuran laju dosis paparan di ruang pemeriksaan diperoleh pada jarak 70 cm sebesar 2,633 mSv/jam, untuk pengukuran disekitar dinding ruang penyinaran diperoleh pada jarak 133 cm sebesar 569,80 ?Sv/jam. Pengukuran diluar ruang penyinaran laju dosis sebesar 1,93 ?Sv/jam. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa secara umum infastruktur ruangan instalasi radiologi RSUD kelas B telah sesuai standar Kemenkes dan dosis radiasi eksternal yang diterima oleh radiografer masih jauh dibawah ketetapan standar ICRP.Kata kunci : radiasi sinar-X, proteksi radiasi, dosis radiasi eksternal, pekerja radiasi, Nilai Batas Dosis?ABSTRACTApplication of X-ray radiation is very useful in the medical field but it is also a risk to health and safety, especially for radiation workers who have a greater risk than other health workers. Therefore, the present research needs to be done on X-ray radiation Protection for radiation workers. The research done in B class Hospital at Sigli. The methods of research conducted is to measure the standardization of radiological rooms, to monitor the external radiation dose of 3 radiographers using the dose measuring instrument Smart Rad EV-IB for one month, and to measure the dose rate of exposure around the radiology installation rooms using Surveymeter. The research results were obtained that the radiology installation was in accordance with the standard Kemenkes RI, however the organizational structure of protection, and medical physicist are not available, for the discipline of the use of radiation protection system, for about 66.7% has followed rules in accordance with the provisions of Perka BAPETEN number 8 year 2011 and Kemenkes RI number 1204 year 2004. The external radiation dose received by radiation workers for one month starting from 0.0047 mSv to 0.0073 mSv, for one year an estimated amount is 0.0560 mSv up to 0.0876 mSv. Based on the measurement, it is found that at distance of 70 cm, the dose amount is 2.633 mSv/jam, for measurements around the wall of the radiation installation room, it was obtained at a distance of 133 cm by 569.80 ?Sv/hour. Measurement outside the room is 1.93 ?Sv/hour. Based on the results of the research can be concluded that the radiological installation room in B class Hospital has followed the standard of Kemenkes and external radiation dose received by radiographer is still under the standard provision of ICRP.Keywords : X-ray radiation, radiation protection, external radiation dose, radiation workers, dose limit value