Egypt in the perspective of Najib Mahfoudz

The article aimed to find out Najib Mahfouz perspective on Egypt in his novel Bidayah wa Nihayah. This study uses sociological approach to literature with Lucian Goldman's genetic structuralism theory as theoretical framework and dialectic method as its analysis. After dissecting the structure of relationships between characters and social communities in the novel the result reveals the worldview and social background of Najib Mahfouz. This novel talked about the reality of Egyptian society with all the economic, political and social problems in the Egyptian revolution which was captured through the conflict of Samira’s family, they were the problem of poverty and education, gender inequality and the existence of political recession of colonialism. In this case, poverty became the main theme promoted by Najib Mahfouz through the intrigue within the Samira's family. In addition, the colonialism background and the political recession existence were the other things that Najib Mahfouz wanted to express