Effektivitet som ett mål vid decentralisering, finns den? : Om samverkan och decentralisering i Kalmar kommun för en bättre arbetsmarknadsetablering av invandrare.

This essay will explain the effects of decentralisation, and what impact it has on the efficiency to create a better integration for immigrants on the Swedish labour market. Examples of literature that has been examined are Marcus Gossas and Jon Pierre. From these authors, I have been trying to explain the relationship between decentralisation, cooperation and efficiency. Since the end of the Second World War until the middle of 1980, Sweden mostly received labour immigrant. Since then, the immigrant pattern has changed to consist of mostly refugees. Changed immigration patterns together with increasing debts for the Swedish government has lead to decentralisation and cooperation between public authorities has therefore become a target to reach better efficiency. Two types of decentralisation are being analysed in this study, vertical and horisontal. Along with these two, I am discussing issues of legitimacy and efficiency. Problems with legitimacy on the local level can arise if private actors are involved as citizens lose some of their democratic influence that they should have if public authorities were deciding. Moreover can the efficiency be affected if too many actors are involved and try to cooperate. In Kalmar, the biggest problem that was experienced was that very little cooperation existed between private and public actors. More actors therefore need to be involved as immigrants to a large extent do not have access to the labour market and the local public employment service offices are limited in their work due to the centralisation of the public employment service (Arbetsförmedlingen)