Development and behaviour of harbour ship fires and methods of extinguishing

U ovom se radu nastoji objasniti pojava i tijek požara broda u luci te načine njegovog gašenja. Kao i postupke i uzroke koje mogu dovesti do požara. Požar na bilo kojoj strukturi može uzrokovati veliku materijalnu štetu, a posebice na brodu, koji je specifičan po tome da njegova konstrukcija pogoduje brzom širenju požara. Ali isto tako i otežava gašenje, čimbenici poput uskih hodnika, slabe vidljivosti zbog dima, malih prostorija, nepoznavanja rasporeda, opasnosti od urušavanja strukture, kao i potapanje broda, uvelike gasiteljima otežavaju posao. Požar broda u luci može biti pogotovo opasan ako se na brodu nalazi lako zapaljiv teret, i ako se ne poštuju sigurnosni zahtjevi iz pravilnika poput FSS („Fire systems safety code“) i ostalih koji propisuju protupožarnu zaštitu na brodovima. Između ostalog, takvi pravilnici propisuju i preventivne mjere za lakše savladavanje i gašenje požara, mjere poput vatrodojavnih sustava i sustava za gašenje, na brodovima i u lukama današnjice su u većini slučajeva postale standard. Također, vrlo je važno imati i obučenu posadu, kao i lučko osoblje, te njihove zapovjednike i rukovoditelje koji će znati provoditi i održavati mjere i protokole koji se nalaze u pravilnicima, ali i koji će poznavati suvremenu tehnologiju i posjedovati znanje koje je potrebno za gašenje i sprječavanje požara.This paper seeks to explain the occurrence and course of ship fire in the port and ways to extinguish it. As well as procedures and causes that can lead to fire. A fire on any structure can cause great material damage, especially on a ship, which is specific in that its construction favors the rapid spread of fire. But it also makes it difficult to put out fires, factors such as narrow corridors, poor visibility due to smoke, small rooms, ignorance of the layout, the danger of collapsing the structure, as well as sinking the ship, greatly complicate the work of firefighters. A ship's fire in the port can be especially dangerous if there is a highly flammable cargo on board, and if the safety requirements of regulations such as the FSS ("Fire systems safety code") and others that prescribe fire protection on ships are not respected. Among other things, such ordinances prescribe preventive measures to facilitate fire control and extinguishing, measures such as fire alarm and extinguishing systems, on ships and in today's ports have become the standard in most cases. It is also very important to have a trained crew, as well as port staff, and their commanders and managers who will know how to implement and maintain the measures and protocols contained in the regulations, but who will also know the modern technology and knowledge that's necessary for firefightin