Research, evaluation, and application of sustainability and energy indicators in Transport

The study evaluates the performance level of energy and sustainability of transport in the EU-28 and its Member States during 2013 to 2017 according to global and European goals. By conducting a research among 21 sources, 394 existing indicators are identified and categorized in 4 dimensions (environment, economic, social and innovation) and 18 themes. These indicators are matched with the 3 policies and roadmaps’ goals – IRENA Roadmap, UNSDGs and EU Green Deal - resulting in a shorted list. Consequently, the best indicators are adapted according to the previously mentioned goals and transformed in a scale from 0 to 10. As a result, the combination of 8 final indicators, using the mean average method, proposes the Index for energy and sustainability in transport. The proposed methodology can be applied specifically in the EU and it can be used as a simple tool to understand the strengths and weaknesses of energy and sustainability in transport among the Member States. Furthermore, the Index shows that the EU has a low to moderate performance with an average absolute value of 4 in the 0 to 10 scale regarding energy and sustainability in transport, during the time frame analyzed. Additionally, besides evaluating the Index, for each of the 8 indicators is elaborated comprehensive analysis. It is concluded that the EU transportation can be enhanced and specific points for improvement are identified in the indicators