GIS maturity and integration

Part of the GeoComputation '96 Special Issue 96/25; follow the "related link" to download the entire collection as a single document.This paper discusses the concept of maturity in the use of GIS and then formulates a computational method for measuring an organisations maturity level from the construction of a surrogate indicator. Generation of this model is made under the proposition that maturity is linked to the level that GIS has been integrated and utilised on an organisation wide basis in day to day activities. The research focuses on New Zealand local government and incorporates parallel studies of conventional information technology (IT) with recently collected data to provide support for the concepts and techniques used. It is postulated that due to similarities of function found in other local authorities, that the model has the potential, with further research for wide application.UnpublishedANDERSON, M.R. AND BENWELL, G.L. 1992. A Survey of GIS Usage Amongst Local Authorities in New Zealand and Victoria, Australia, In: The 4th Annual Colloquium of the Spatial Information Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand, 18 - 20 May, p11 - 24. BENBASAT, I.DEXTER, A.S.DRURY, D.H. AND GOLDSTEIN, R.C. 1984. A Critique of the Stage Hypothesis: Theory and Empirical Evidence, Communications of the ACM, 27(5): 476 - 485. DANIEL, W.W. 1990. Applied Nonparametric Statistics, PWS-Kent Publishing Company, Boston, 633p. DICKINSON, H.J. AND CALKINS, H.W. 1988. The Economic Evaluation of Implementing a GIS, International Journal of Geographical Information Systems, 2(4): 307 - 327. DRURY, D.H. 1983. An Empirical Assessment of the Stages of DP Growth, MIS Quarterly, June:59 - 70. FRASER, K.G. AND TODD, E. 1994. The Use of GIS in New Zealand Local Authorities - A Survey Comparing the Situation in July 1993 with February 1992, In: The 4th Annual Colloquium of the Spatial Information Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand, 17 - 19 May 1994, p147 - 159. GIBSON, C.F. AND NOLAN, R.L. 1974. Managing the Four Stages of EDP Growth, Harvard Business Review, 52(1): 76 - 88. JACKSON, I.F. 1986. Corporate Information Management, Prentice-Hall, New Jersey, 338p. KING, J.L. AND KRAEMER, K.L. 1984. Evolution and Organizational Information Systems:An Assessment of Nolan's Stage Model, Communications of the ACM, 27(4): 466 - 475. LILBURNE, L. 1996. The Integration Challenge, In: The 8th Annual Colloquium of the Spatial Information Research Centre, Spatial Information Research Centre, Dunedin. LOPEZ, X.R. AND JOHN, S.A. 1993. Data Exchange and Integration in UK Local Government. Mapping Awareness & GIS in Europe 7,(5): 37 - 40. LUCAS, H.C.J. AND SUTTON, J.A. 1977. The Stage Hypothesis and the S-Curve: Some Contradictory Evidence, Communications of the ACM, 20(4): 254 - 259. MACKANESS, W. 1989. Introducing GIS into Organisations, In: The Inaugural Colloquium of the Spatial Information Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand, 29 Nov - 1Dec 1989, p106 - 119. MARR, A.J. AND BENWELL,G.L. 1996(a). The Evolution of the Use of GIS in New Zealand Local Government, Journal of the New Zealand Institute of Surveyors, April, 286:30 - 35. MARR, A.J. AND BENWELL,G.L. 1996(b). Maturing GIS in New Zealand Local Government, In: The 8th Annual Colloquium of the Spatial Information Research Centre, Spatial Information Research Centre, Dunedin. MARR, A.J. 1996. Geographic Information Systems Maturity in New Zealand Local Government. University of Otago, Unpublished M.Sc. Thesis, 126p. MAYR, W. 1995. Levels of GIS Maturity in Malaysia. The Australasian Geographic Information Systems Applications Journal ,(12): 30 - 31. NOLAN, R.L. 1979. Managing the Crisis in Data Processing, Harvard Business Review, 57(2): 115 - 126. NOLAN, R.L. 1977. Management Accounting and Control of Data Processing, National Association of Accountants, New York, 192p. NOLAN, R.L. 1973. Managing the Computer Resource: A Stage Hypothesis, Communications of the ACM, 16(7): 399 - 405. NORUŠIS, M.J. AND SPSS INC., 1993. SPSS for Windows - Base System User's Guide, Release 6.0, SPSS Inc, Chicago, 828p. SPRAGUE, R.H. AND MCNURLIN, B.C. 1993. Information Systems Management in Practice, Prentice-Hall International Inc., New Jersey, 554p. ZWART, P. 1992. Mature GIS - or Taking the G out of GIS, In: The Proceedings of the Fourth Annual Colloquium of the Spatial Information Research Centre, The Spatial Information Research Centre, Dunedin, 18 - 20 May 1992, p1 - 9