Numerical simulation of vertical forced plume in a cross-flow of stably stratified fluid

In this study, an investigation using a three-dimensional numerical model, which treats conservation of mass, momentum, and salinity simultaneously, was carried out to study the character of a vertical forced plume in a uniform cross-stream Introduction The turbulent mixing of a buoyant jet in a density-stratified crossflow is of significant importance in the application of engineering problems. The plume of smoke from an industrial chimney into the atmosphere is a typical example of the discharge of pollutants as a buoyant jet. The turbulent shear generated by the discharge results in efficient mixing, and this reduces the concentration of pollutants. When compared with a similar flow in unstratified fluid, the major effects of density stratification are to limit the vertical rise of a buoyant jet and to restrict the mixing with the surrounding ambient fluid. Hence, understanding the mixing and dilution processes, and establishing the capability to estimate the rise and width of a buoyant jet in stratified fluid, are necessary for designing and controlling a waste disposal system. A number of approximate predictive methods for the plume flow in stratified surroundings have been developed in the literature of Along with recent developments in numerical computations, there has been considerable progress in the construction of turbulence models of wide applicability. It is, therefore, now possible to use an acceptable turbulence model to obtain numerical solutions for jets in a stratified cross flow. The aim of this study is to calculate by a finite-difference method the flow field of