Pathogenesis of Repeated Abortion in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) (Arsana Wiyasa IW) PATHOGENESIS OF REPEATED ABORTION IN POLYCYSTIC OVARIAN SYNDROME (PCOS)

ABSTRACT Early abortion occurs in approximately 15% of all detected pregnancy. However, the actual incidence rate of early abortion is 2-4 times higher in whole pregnancies, either detected or undetected. The causing factors of repeated abortion were uterine anatomy abnormalities (12%-16%), endocrine abnormalities (17%-20%), infection (0.5%-5%), immunological problems (20%-25%), and others (about 10%). Endocrine factor related to the incidence of repeated abortion are luteal phase insufficiency, diabetes mellitus, thyroid disease, and polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). An epidemiological study reported the incidence of repeated abortion among women with PCOS was about 82%. Such higher incidence is related to high level of luteinizing hormone (LH). Another study showed that the pathogenesis of repeated abortion in PCOS was highly complex, not only involving one factor, but it had mutual correlation among several factors. It was suggested that those factors were hyperinsulin, hyperandrogen, and uterine factors