Effect of Different Auxins Alone and Mixture of Benzene Aminopurine (BAP) and Kinetin (Kn) Along with Auxin 2,4-D on In Vitro Growth and Multiplication of Callus in B5 Medium Derived from Embryonic Cotyledon Excised Explants of Ashwagandha (Cultivated)

ABSTRACT Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) belongs to the member of family Solanaceae, having enormous aromatic properties and medicinal properties, has been included in an ancient (early) text of Ayurveda. It is very useful as an, contraceptive, amoebocide, bactericide, abortifacient, anodyne, and diuretic. But the risks of fungal infections are very high in these plants. Due to its over use this plants is going towards extinction so in vitro microprogation is a best method to protect this plant as well as to produced value added compounds in a very short time without any external environmental hazards. Higher percentage of in vitro morphogenic response was exhibited by explants mature embryo followed by explants mature cotyledon leaves. Half B5 medium (gamborg medium) with NAA, IBA, 2,4-Di-chlorophenyl acetic acid (2,4-D), BAP, Kinetin (Kn) and Sucrose (5% w/v) was employed either separately or in mixture. Cotyledonary leaves are generally produces callus in callus induction media and after several sub culturing its produces shoots and roots in shoot and root induction media. Regenerated plantlets were obtained successfully in the field after hardening. Mostly for in vitro organogenesis MS medium has been employed bus it has been also done in B5 medium with cotyledonary leave's explants of Withania somnifera