Determination of Genetic Relationship among Some Varieties of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L) in Sulaimani by RAPD and ISSR Markers

Abstract The molecular evaluation of five chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) varieties [Rania, Chamchamal, Sangaw, (screened for their very sensibility to Ascochyta rabiei) and FLIP83-48c (screened for their resistance to Ascochyta rabiei)] at the University of Sulaimani, College of Agriculture, in 2009-2010 was conducted to assess the genetic diversity and relationship of chickpea genotypes using RAPD and ISSR markers. Five primers of RAPD and ISSR were used of which all primers gave amplification products. On average, 5.8 bands per primer were observed by RAPD and 6.6 bands per primer by ISSR markers. In RAPD, the varieties shared 55.17% polymorphic bands, whereas they shared 63.63% polymorphic bands in ISSR analysis. Cluster analysis by RAPD and ISSR markers revealed clear distinct diversity between genotypes. Rania and Chamchamal showed more similarity than others varieties according to the RAPD data. FLIP83-48c showed the highest dissimilarity comparing with the other varieties. In ISSR analysis, Chamchamal and Sangaw showed more similarity than others varieties. Rania revealed the highest dissimilarity comparing with the others of varieties. Combination of RAPD and ISSR data shared that FLIP83-48c showed the highest dissimilarity comparing with the other varieties. The results showed that ISSR and RAPD analysis for diversity can provide practical information for the management of genetic resources in chickpea breeding program