Concentration of heavy metal Cadmium (Cd), Chromium (Cr), Copper (Cu), Iron (Fe), Lead (Pb) and Zinc (Zn) in gastropod and sediment from Bongkud river

A study has conducted at Bongkud River, Sabah based on heavy metal chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), iron (Fe), cadmium (Cd) and Zinc (Zn) in C. Obtusa and sediment. Gastropod. Cerithidea obtusa was used as biological indicator to measure the concentration of heavy metals in six different stations along the river. The heavy metals were measured using ICP-OES (Inductively Coupled Plasma with Optical Emission Spectroscopy) machine after the digestion with concentrated acid was conducted. The mean of Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb and Zn concentration in C. Obtusa were 0.668 ± 0.154 mgkg�¹, 1.112 ± 0.326 mgkg�¹, 16.005 ± 6.727 mgkg�¹, 161.510 ± 33.641 mgkg�¹, 0.301 ± 0.196 mgkg�¹ and 12.787 ± 2.271 mgkg�¹ respectively. Meanwhile, the mean of Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb and Zn concentration in sediment were 2.233 ± 1.118 mgkg�¹, 11.649 ± 2.859 mgkg�¹, 65.002 ± 96.650 mgkg�¹, 483.285 ± 117.261 mgkg�¹, 7.779 ± 5.038 mgkg�¹ and 13.660 ± 5.477 mgkg�¹ respectively. The results show that the concentration of Fe for both C. Obtusa and sediment is significantly high which has eventually exceeded the maximum tolerable level as compare to other heavy metals. Statistical analysis (correlation) showed that there is significant correlation between heavy metals concentration in C. Obtusa and sediment. The comparison of heavy metals in C. Obtusa with the standard of Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) showed that consumption of C. Obtusa in Bongkud River could lead to health hazards due to the high concentration of Fe heavy metal