Transport service indicators through the application of the queuing theory and simulation

Čekanje je fenomen koji se može naći u svakodnevnom životu u poštanskim uredima, bankama i na benzinskim stanicama. Čekanje nije isključivo ograničeno na ljude; poslovi čekaju da se obrade na stroju ili automobili čekaju na semaforima. U situacijama kada su kapaciteti ograničeni i ne mogu se zadovoljiti uvjeti potražnje pojavljuju se uska grla koja se manifestiraju kao red čekanja. Glavni cilj je izvršiti analizu reda čekanja radi ispitivanja učinka djelatnosti transporta kako bi se smanjilo čekanje usklađivanjem i pravovremenim informiranjem svih sudionika procesa. U ovom se radu nastoji modelirati protok prometa i istražiti kako bi se čekanje u prometu na konkretnom primjeru moglo minimizirati metodom teorije redova čekanja, te kako bi se smanjili zastoji na cestama. Izlazni se rezultati kasnije uspoređuju sa rezultatima dobivenim kroz kompjutersku simulaciju programom Arena, nadovezujući se na konkretan primjer. Na kraju se ističe problem gužvi jer povećavaju vrijeme transporta, zagađenje zraka, emisiju ugljičnog dioksida (CO), te emisije i potrošnju goriva.Waiting is a phenomenon that can be found in everyday life in post offices, banks and at gas stations. Waiting is not exclusively limited to the human being; jobs are waiting to be processed on a machine and cars stop at traffic lights. In a situation where equipment is limited and unable to meet demand conditions, bottlenecks appear that manifest as the queue. The main goal is to perform an analysis of the waiting line in order to check the effectiveness of transport activities and to reduce the waiting, by harmonizing and timely information of all participants in the process. This paper try to model traffic flow models and explores how to minimize the waiting time in traffic on a concrete example using queueing theory, as well as how to reduce road congestions. The output results later are compared with the results obtain in a computer simulation, like Arena program, constructing on the concrete example. In the end, problem of congestion is emphasized that result is increasing transport time, air pollution, carbon dioxide (CO) emissions and fuel consumption