Enhancing potential for integrated catchment management in NZ: a multi-scalar, strategic perspective

An integrated approach to natural resource management at the catchment scale in a collaborative manner is a strong theme in the recent environmental management and planning literature. In New Zealand, integrated water resource management is undertaken by regional councils within the framework of a devolved legislative mandate, the Resource Management Act 1991 (RMA). For some time these councils have experienced difficulties discharging this role effectively, in particular with respect to the catchment scale. We argue for a multi-scalar national policy framework,, encapsulating bottom-up and top-down water governance strategies, in order to enhance the potential of ICM