Assessment study of technical and vocational education and training (TVET) in Myanmar

The goal of the labour market TVET system is to prepare workers to easily enter the labour market. In order to assure quality in TVET and a demand-driven TVET system, it is necessary to involve the private sector in each of the components of TVET. TVET institutions must realize their role as a service provider for the economy in general, and for flourishing businesses in the country. The analysis presented in this study has confirmed that, presently, Myanmar’s TVET system is dominated by supply‐driven TVET for both public and private providers. The consultation system with entrepreneurs, business associations, and chambers of commerce that would enable the system to be more demand-driven is not yet in place. At this stage, there is no evidence of public or private-enterprise involvement in the development of curricula. The consequence has been that TVET is highly supply-driven and the training subjects are defined with little or no consultation on the needs of the labour market. The study has suggested that there are ways to change the policy from supply-driven to demand-driven, through: (i) understanding the needs of the private sector (businesses and entrepreneurs); and (ii) involving the private sector in designing the curricula so that there is more balance between theory and practice, and the curricula content and learning outcomes are closer to the needs of the labour market, i.e. competency-based