The end of the bipolar era should have inevitably led to a new approach in security conceptions. But in what direction? Linking contributions from Barry Buzan, Ole Wæver, and Roxanne Lynn Doty, briefly retracing the conceptual evolution from state security to human security passing through societal security and proposing a transnational reading of security stakes and approaches, the author offers a reflection on the ways to understand security as an object of study and as a translation of the security stakes and issues which may concern the individual, society, and the State. Being in a constant flux, one will understand that security stakes are just the ultimate result of a combination of the natural and the rational