The verb formations of the Cindo language in Surabaya

Indonesia consists of so many ethnic groups and each group has its own culture, including its languages. One of the languages is Cindo language. Cindo language is a language that is used by most of Chienese people who live in Indonesia. The Cindo language is quite unique since most of the people who use it do not realize when they are using it. Usually they think that they are using the Indonesian or Javanese. However, the words that exist in their conversations are not Indonesian nor Javanese. For example: the word “nelen”. It is not an Indoensian word nor Javanese since Indonesian has “menelan” and Javanese has “ngelek” instead of “nelen”. The facts above encourage the writer to investigate the patterns that actually exist in the Cindo language, especially in Surabaya, the city where she lives in. Since the words in a language may consist of nouns, pronouns, verbs, numerals, adjectives, the writer decided to limit her study on the verb formations only. In doing her research, the writer used a tape recorder and a cassette to record some conversations done by the Cindo language speakers. After recording the conversations, she transcribed and analyzed them according to their affixes distributions. Based on the findings, she found that there are two kinds of a affixes in the Cindo language, the prefixes and the suffixes. The prefixes are {N-}, {tak-}, {mbok-}, and {di-}, while the suffixes are {-a}, {ən} {-e}, {- na}, {-i}, {-ana}, and {-ane}. Those affixes can be combined due to the semantic features that later brings the semantic restrictions. Both the prefixes and the suffixes in the Cindo language drive from Javanese affixes, except the prefix {di-} which derives from Indonesian. It happens because the prefix {di-} is apico-alveolar to the speakers of the Cindo language