The determination of Standard Gibbs Energies of Ion Transfer across liquid/liquid interfaces with the help of Three-Phase Electrodes

The transfer of ion across two conjoined liquids is a fundamental phenomenon that often takes place in the living systems. The transfer of many drugs and medicaments, as well as the transfer of many hydrophilic ions requires energy or specific pathways in order to occur. We developed a simple electrochemical method named as three-phase electrode in order to determine the Gibbs energies of transfer of many cations and anions of physiological importance. In this thesis, the phenomena of ion transfer, as well as the theory and application in various liquid-liquid systems are discussed and elaborated